{"id":24983,"date":"2018-05-29T13:11:50","date_gmt":"2018-05-29T17:11:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/college.unc.edu\/?p=24983"},"modified":"2024-07-02T16:55:28","modified_gmt":"2024-07-02T16:55:28","slug":"schoenfisch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/collegearchive.unc.edu\/?p=24983","title":{"rendered":"Inventor of the Year: Mark Schoenfisch makes NO the optimistic answer"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_24984\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-24984\" style=\"width: 636px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-24984\" src=\"https:\/\/collegearchive.unc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2024\/07\/Schoenfisch-UNC-Inventor-of-Year-Presentation-1024x576-1.jpg\" alt=\"Mark Schoenfisch was named UNC-Chapel Hill Inventor of the Year. (he is shown her speaking at a podium at the awards event with balloons in the background.)\" width=\"636\" height=\"358\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-24984\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Schoenfisch was named UNC-Chapel Hill Inventor of the Year.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em>While receiving the 2018 UNC-Chapel Hill Inventor of the Year award, Mark Schoenfisch, professor of chemistry in the College of Arts &amp; Sciences, discussed his decades-long research of the molecule nitric oxide. Schoenfisch has a record of bringing his research to market, where it has the potential to improve the lives of patients through medical devices, pharmaceutics and drug development.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Mark Schoenfisch likes to quip that his favorite letters are \u201cN\u201d and \u201cO.\u201d That might seem like a surprising preference for a chemistry professor who teaches his students to explore new scientific possibilities and whose own entrepreneurial spirit leads him to develop life-improving inventions. Yet, when you hear Schoenfisch explain that his fondness for these two letters isn\u2019t based on the word that they form or a contrarian perspective on the world, but rather his passion for researching the molecule nitric oxide (NO), you make the connection. Through his research, he\u2019s discovered a number of potentially huge medical benefits associated with this tiny molecule and is inventing novel ways for using nitric oxide to make a positive difference in the lives of many.<\/p>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-blaz6a0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-rfyktu7 elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2vxpkj elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-24985 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/collegearchive.unc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2024\/07\/Capture-Schoenfisch-2.jpg\" alt=\"This sidebar text books reads Mark Schoenfisch: Innovation Snapshot: 3 Companies Founded, 13 Issued US Patents, 13 Issued Foreign Patents and 22 Pending Patent Applications\" width=\"548\" height=\"269\" \/>\u201cI\u2019ve spent decades of work on nitric oxide, and I continue to do so because it\u2019s rich with important chemistry problems to solve,\u201d said Schoenfisch, a professor of chemistry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. \u201cIt extends into medical devices, pharmaceutics and drug development. I\u2019m lucky to have picked an interesting molecule and area of study.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe106c5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04fc6c0 elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b570cc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p>It wasn\u2019t luck, however, that resulted in Schoenfisch being honored by the <a href=\"https:\/\/oced.unc.edu\/\">UNC Office of Technology Commercialization<\/a> as the University\u2019s 2018 Inventor of the Year. Instead, it was his commitment to innovation and his success in translating his research on nitric oxide into devices and therapeutics for patients dealing with a range of diseases: diabetes, sepsis, cystic fibrosis, dermatological conditions and others.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41a3dda elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d024269 elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a5a6e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p>During the award presentation at the annual Celebration of Inventorship, Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost Bob Blouin remarked on the importance that the University places on the work of Schoenfisch and other faculty inventors like him. \u201cOne of the most important things that we can do for the people of North Carolina and the people of this country is to create that next big thing that is going to have a chance to change the world and perhaps save a life as Mark\u2019s work is doing,\u201d said Blouin.<\/p>\n<p>Schoenfisch\u2019s commitment has added up to 13 issued U.S. patents, 13 issued foreign patents and 22 pending patent applications. He is also the founder of three companies:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.novan.com\/\"> Novan<\/a>: nitric oxide-releasing particles for dermatological conditions.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.clinicalsensors.com\/\">Clinical Sensors<\/a>: nitric oxide-releasing glucose biosensor.<\/li>\n<li>Vast Therapeutics: nitric oxide-releasing scaffolds for respiratory disease.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201cMark\u2019s ability to transform important research into promising inventions that make a human impact in so many areas represents a major achievement,\u201d said Judith Cone, vice chancellor for innovation, entrepreneurship and economic development. \u201cWe congratulate and thank him for the contributions he is making in his scientific field, and also for bringing his research into the market, where his innovations can help improve the lives of those who suffer from serious diseases.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Building a better glucose monitoring system <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Two of nitric oxide\u2019s physiological properties \u2013 its ability to reduce inflammation and to help new blood vessels develop \u2013 are ones that Schoenfisch and his team believe can give diabetes patients a better way to measure their glucose levels.<\/p>\n<p>The argument for a continuous glucose monitoring system, says Schoenfisch, is that when patients just use the intermittent finger-prick method, they may not capture the highs and lows of glucose levels that lead to complications. And while there are currently FDA-approved sensors on the market that can be implanted under the skin to monitor blood glucose, these devices have low accuracy, demand long stabilization periods and still require patients to perform finger pricks. These drawbacks lead to poor patient compliance.<\/p>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d09854 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca04a19 elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c7ea31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p>The culprit behind the underperformance of today\u2019s monitoring systems is the foreign body response. When the device is implanted under a patient\u2019s skin, the area becomes inflamed, and non-vascular scar tissue forms around the sensor. This makes it difficult to accurately measure glucose levels. Nitric oxide can reduce the inflammation and scar tissue, making accurate measurements possible, says Schoenfisch.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur hypothesis back in 2000 and 2001 was that a slow release of nitric oxide would promote wound healing in the form of reduced inflammation and angiogenesis,\u201d says Schoenfisch. After experimenting with numerous approaches, Schoenfisch\u2019s lab has developed a nitric-oxide-releasing membrane that is applied to continuous glucose monitoring sensors.<\/p>\n<p>These membranes are now being taken to market by Clinical Sensors, one of the companies Schoenfisch founded. The membranes have the potential to improve the accuracy of the sensors, extend their longevity and reduce the number of times diabetes patients have to prick their fingers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9481781 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4760914 elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5292ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_24986\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-24986\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-24986 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/collegearchive.unc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2024\/07\/Schoenfisch-UNC-Inventor-of-Year-Mark-Schoenfisch-Jeff-Johnson-Provost-Blouin-Judith-Cone.jpg\" alt=\"Mark Schoenfisch, professor of chemistry (third from left) holds the UNC Inventor of the Year Award. Also pictured: Judith Cone, vice chancellor for innovation, entrepreneurship and economic development (left); Jeff Johnson, A. Ronald Gallant Distinguished Professor and chair, UNC Department of Chemistry (second from left); and Bob Blouin, executive vice chancellor and provost (right)\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-24986\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Schoenfisch, professor of chemistry (third from left) is pictured with Judith Cone, vice chancellor for innovation, entrepreneurship and economic development; Jeff Johnson, chair, department of chemistry; and Bob Blouin, executive vice chancellor and provost.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Outpacing sepsis<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Schoenfisch\u2019s research on sensor membranes in the diabetes arena led to another interesting path \u2013 one that points to better diagnosis and treatment of hospital-acquired infections.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAn interesting technology that we began to evaluate the utility for was actually measuring nitric oxide,\u201d said Schoenfisch. \u201cWhat we unraveled is that we could create sensor membranes that were very sensitive to only nitric oxide.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0a2fa3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92227fa elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa83857 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p>Because the molecule is produced as part of the human immune response to pathogens, a spike in nitric oxide in the bloodstream could tip off doctors that their patients are battling serious bacterial infections, such as sepsis.<\/p>\n<p>In the case of sepsis, earlier detection could lessen the massive medical toll the disease takes. According to the Centers for Disease Control, each year 30 percent of the 1.6 million Americans diagnosed with sepsis die. It\u2019s the tenth biggest cause of death and the No. 1 cost of hospitalization. Quite simply, the disease is a race against time.<\/p>\n<p>As a focal point of Schoenfisch\u2019s research, nitric oxide was discovered in the 1990\u2019s to be involved in many physiological processes. For example, the molecule has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties and also promotes angiogenesis, which is the process through which new blood vessels form.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cClinicians want to have an idea if a patient is septic as soon as possible,\u201d Schoenfisch explains. \u201cMortality increases 8 percent for every hour treatment is delayed. If the correct antibiotic isn\u2019t identified and treatment is not started, the ultimate outcome is death.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s a big problem that led Schoenfisch and his research team to ask new questions.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCould we monitor an increase in NO and initiate lab testing earlier?\u201d he asks. \u201cOr once a patient becomes septic, could we help clinicians determine if the correct antibiotic was being used to treat them by monitoring a decrease in NO?\u201d\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The answers appear to be yes. Schoenfisch and team began to coat microfluidic-based sensors that allow for the measurement of nitric oxide in very small volumes of blood, such as obtained via a finger prick. And the result is another technology that his company Clinical Sensors is moving into the commercial marketplace: a point-of-care device that allows minimally trained clinical staff in in ICUs and on the hospital floor to take real-time and direct measurements of nitric oxide.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Taking the fight to drug-resistant bacteria <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It turns out, Schoenfisch notes, that nitric oxide also promises to play an important role not only in the detection of bacteria, but also the eradication of them. That possibility could prove vital in the era of superbugs.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBacteria are becoming more resistant to antibiotics, and that\u2019s creating a health care crisis,\u201d Schoenfisch remarked. He says that the bacteria-killing capabilities of nitric oxide could offer doctors a critical alternative.<\/p>\n<p>Schoenfisch\u2019s use of nitric oxide to combat bacteria took shape at Novan, a clinical-stage biotechnology company he founded in 2006 that focuses on using nitric oxide to treat dermatological and oncovirus-mediated diseases. A case in point is acne.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWith acne, nitric oxide has multiple mechanisms of action. In addition to killing the bacteria, you can reduce inflammation.\u201d<\/p>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba7e708 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-074c9c7 elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b370b03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p>These multi-pronged benefits of nitric oxide is a pattern he sees playing out in other diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). Patients with CF suffer from chronic, difficult-to-treat respiratory infections caused by bacteria that hide in the mucus that builds up in the lungs. CF patients, who have an average lifespan of 41 years, find themselves on a difficult road \u2013 one that often includes taking up to 30 pills per day to combat airway dehydration, obstruction and infection. And as patients become resistant to antibiotics, the road can become more challenging.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMost CF patients deal with different types of bacteria over their lifespans, and this necessitates different types of antibiotics being administered,\u201d says Schoenfisch.<\/p>\n<p>As Schoenfisch set out to explore the use of nitric oxide to combat respiratory infections in CF patients, he started creating biodegradable scaffolds made from chitosan, a substance that forms the outer layers of shellfish and mushrooms, to deliver nitric oxide into the lungs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0007348 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-586359f elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24e3d45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p>\u201cThe idea is that this could be nebulized into the lungs and be an alternative to antibiotics,\u201d said Schoenfisch. \u201cIt can actually eradicate all the main bacteria that are causing infections in CF patients.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>One such bacteria is pseudomonas aeruginosa, which often builds up resistance to the antibiotics traditionally used to treat CF. Schoenfisch says that the new nitric-oxide-based treatment being developed by his startup company Vast Therapeutics offers an option beyond the normal path.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf4c87d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-736396a elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df66db0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p>\u201cWe compared the NO-releasing chitosan to tobramycin, the given antibiotic to treat pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, and what we saw is that the NO is much more effective at killing these bacteria than tobramycin, particularly under anaerobic conditions that mimic what\u2019s going on beneath the mucus in the CF lung,\u201d said Schoenfisch. \u201cWe\u2019re 100 times more effective than tobramycin.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>And the benefits don\u2019t stop there. \u201cWe also see that treatment of mucus and sputum with our NO-releasing chitosan is actually breaking it apart and loosening it up,\u201d said Schoenfisch. \u201cWe\u2019re definitely an alternative to antibiotics and believe we can reduce chronic infections. We also think that this could have a potential role in loosening up the airway obstruction due to mucus.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57687e1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section\">\n<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0a094f elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59f3893 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p>The ultimate hope, he says, is to reduce the number of pills CF patients take every day and to extend their lives.<\/p>\n<p>And Schoenfisch is quick to point out that his success in innovation and making a difference in the lives of patients is a team effort that involves the students in his lab.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMy research group is really why I\u2019ve been as involved as I am in these projects and have an entrepreneurial spirit,\u201d he said. \u201cEvery time a superstar leaves, someone comes in and fills their role, so it\u2019s been a really exciting experience.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>Story courtesy of Innovate Carolina<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>While receiving the 2018 UNC-Chapel Hill Inventor of the Year award, Mark Schoenfisch, professor of chemistry in the College of Arts &amp; Sciences, discussed his decades-long research of the molecule nitric oxide. Schoenfisch has a record of bringing his research to market, where it has the potential to improve the lives of patients through medical devices, pharmaceutics and drug development.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":25005,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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